Monday, July 5, 2010

Central America Wildlife - White Tailed Deer

By Marina K. Villatoro

White tailed deer are very popular in Central America. In Costa Rica they are commonly seen in the rainforest of Guanacaste. They also live in much of the Central American territory. White-tailed deer can adapt to a wide variety of habitats.

The deer's coat is a reddish-brown in the summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the winter. The white-tailed deer is a ruminant, which means it has a four-chambered stomach like cows. They eat large varieties of food, commonly legumes and other plants, including shoots, leaves, cactus, and grasses.

Males weight up to 400 pounds and females weigh up to 200 pounds. They rarely live more than 10 years but there have been cases of 20 year deer. These guys are 0.9 to 1 m tall at shoulder. A great indication of age is the length of the snout and the color of the coat. Older deer tend to have longer snouts and grayer coats.

They normally form groups of 2 to six individuals, but there have been groups of up to 15. When the breeding season comes males will try to copulate with as many females as possible. This will cause them to lose physical condition since they rarely eat or rest during the rut. If there are numerous males in a particular area, they will compete for the females. Females give birth to 1-3 spotted young, known as fawns generally in May or June. Fawns lose their spots during the first summer and will weigh from 44 to 77 pounds by the first winter.

Because humans and deer often share habitats, there can be problems for both of them. When a deer's habitat becomes smaller often eat food from gardens. They also need to cross roads to look for food or water and some are struck by cars.

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